Burkitt’s lymphoma and a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that is characterized by chromosomal changes affecting the MYC oncogene at 8q24. In most cases the MYC was found juxtaposed with the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene locus. Translocation to the immunoglobulin kappa locus (IGK) gene on the 2p11 were observed in approximately 5-10% of cases. few data exist on the molecular mechanisms that lead to these irregularities.
The chromosomal breakpoints on chromosome 8 have been found scattered over a large area 3 ‘of MYC. In order to gain a better understanding of the chromosomal translocations we developed an inverse distance method (LDI) PCR for identification of chromosomal translocations affecting the IGK locus. We investigated a number of samples of lymphoma cytogenetically largely uncharacterized high quality and identify MYC-IGK alignment in seven patients and three t (2; 8) line-positive cells.
Characterized molecular chromosomal breakpoints and analyzed. Linear distance of breakpoints on chromosome 8 for MYC range from some 100 bp to more than 0.5 MB. Reciprocal translocation allele can be characterized in most cases. This study represents the largest series of t (2; 8) positive cases analyzed so far. LDI PCR method developed here should also be useful for the analysis of chromosomal translocation affecting the IGK locus in general.
In a population of outpatients this, the test results hrHPV showed good agreement between the self-sampling and physicians-taken scratches cervical (86%, k = 0.70), with a sensitivity and specificity for CIN2 + that did not differ significantly (93% and 51%, 91% and 51%, respectively (P = 1.0)). Clinical Sensitivity brush-based self-sampling combined with the GP5 + / 6 + -PCR hrHPV EIA test for detecting CIN2 + was non-inferior to that hrHPV testing in cervical samples taken doctors (P = 0.018). Additionally, hrHPV genotype result that fits between sample types, with almost perfect agreement for HPV16 (k = 0.81) and HPV18 (k = 0.92). Finally, 91% of participants described based self-sampling brush is easy to use.
Molecular analysis of the t(2;8)/MYC-IGK translocation in high-grade lymphoma/leukemia by long-distance inverse PCR.
Dynamic active microorganisms inhabiting the industry heap bioleaching of low grade sulphide copper ore monitored by real-time PCR and oligonucleotide microarray prokaryotic acidophile.
The metal sulfide bioleaching has developed into an important industrial process and understand the dynamics of microbes is key to advancing commercial bioleaching operation. Here we report the first quantitative description of the dynamics of the community who are active in the industry heap bioleaching.
Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans is most abundant during the first part of a washing cycle, while the abundance Leptospirillum ferriphilum and Ferroplasma acidiphilum pile increases with age. Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans remained constant throughout the wash cycle, and Firmicutes group showed low and uneven distribution in the stack. Acidiphilium-like bacteria reached highest abundance in accordance with the number of autotrof.
Active microorganisms in the washing system is determined by using RNA-based two sensitive technique. In most cases, 16S rRNA At copy numbers. ferrooxidans, L. ferriphilum, At. thiooxidans and F. acidiphilum, is in conjunction with DNA copy number, while Acidiphilium as Firmicutes bacteria and some members did not show a clear correlation between the accumulation of 16S rRNA and DNA copy number.
However, acidophile microarray (PAM) prokaryotic analysis indicates an active member of Alphaproteobacteria in all samples and of the genus in the older Sulfobacillus. Also, the new active group such as Actinobacteria and Acidobacterium genus detected by PAM. The results showed that changes during the wash cycle in the chemical and physical conditions, such as pH and Fe (3 +) / Fe (2+) ion levels, is a major factor shaping the dynamics of microbes in the pile.